1. Introducing yourself and others 2. Expressing opinions, likes, and dislikes 3. Describing people, places, and things 4. Striking up a conversation 5. Making dates and appointments 6. Expressing wants and needs 7. Making requests and offers 8. Expressing doubts and uncertainty 9. Talking about future events 10. Making a case or arguing a point 11. Narrating a story 12. Retelling a conversation 13. Electronic conversation